Colonoscopy

colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is a procedure through which we can see and access the large intestine in a minimal invasive way. In this procedure, a long tube which has a camera mounted at tip, is introduced through the anus into the large intestine. It shows a high-resolution video image of the internal mucosal lining (internal wall) of the large intestine. It can also be introduced into terminal ileum (last part of small intestine). It helps us to diagnose various pathologies of large intestine and terminal ileum like – haemorrhoids, colonic polyp, diverticulae, ulcers, intestinal TB, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colonic cancers etc. It is also used for screening for colonic cancers and unexplained anaemia. We can also provide locally targeted therapy with the help of colonoscopy.

Anatomy of the Colon

The colon is the last section of your digestive system. It absorbs water to change waste from liquid to solid stool. The large intestine is about 5 feet long in adults. It has the following four sections

  • Ascending colon: extends upward on the right side of your belly

  • Transverse colon: extends from the ascending colon across your body to the left side

  • Descending colon: extends from the transverse colon downward on your left side

  • Sigmoid colon: extends from the descending colon to your rectum

Why might I need a colonoscopy?

Colonoscopy can help your provider look for problems in your colon. These include any early signs of cancer, inflamed (red or swollen) tissue, ulcers (open sores) and bleeding.

Cancer Screening

Colonoscopy is also used to screen for colon cancer and rectal cancer. Screening involves looking for cancer in individuals who do not have any symptoms of the disease.